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because of the work that I do and
because of the threads that I write I
feel like I'm in a very unique position
to talk about the themes in the layer 2
ecosystem and the trends that I'm seeing
so I'm hoping to give you a bit of a
bird's eye view of the layer 2 ecosystem
today and what I'm seeing in the themes
so to start with off-chain data off
chain data in rollups is here to stay I
think it's fair to say on the roll-up
level we're seeing a push to give users
a choice of off-chain data in ZK
Roll-Ups that looks like validiums and
volitions and for optimistic Roll-Ups
that looks like arbitrum Nova and
metastas optimistic data availability
really the question you should be asking
yourself when you're considering
off-chain data for your dap is what does
this mean for security what does it mean
for my users funds and I think that
there's a lot to consider there if we
accept that off-chain data is here to
stay then we should be thinking about
ways to make those daps more secure
despite the off-chain data some adapts
to don't need all of their data on chain
and those that might need more security
there are some solutions one thing that
I thought was really interesting was an
article that actually came out today by
paulinia who's someone on Twitter that I
follow you may have heard of them
suggesting that we have split security
data sharding on Roll-Ups this is
literally an idea that came out today so
as far as new trends I expect to see
some implementations of this sometime in
the near future but definitely not right
now but that should help with some of
the security concerns around off-chain
data and roll-ups
uh we're also going to continue to see
progress and Innovation on the bridging
Fund in front we just saw Georgia's talk
about some really interesting ideas
about how we can have composability uh
but some of the things that I want to
talk about are how popular layer 2
Bridges right now are centralized and
they keep the fees rather than sharing
them with their users that's not really
a paradigm that we like in the ethereum
world we don't really like centralized
operators we don't really like middlemen
so I'm expecting to see that Paradigm
being challenged one thing that we
already are seeing hot protocol has
announced that they're going to be more
Community Centric so that's just one
early example of sort of that shift that
I think we're going to see we're also
seeing really interesting work around ZK
proofs to improve Bridge architecture we
can use ZK proofs to verify so Suez
Bridge created a proposal called the
slush proposal doing just that we can
also use ZK proofs to create like
clients with ZK snarks which is a
relatively new idea succinct Bridge
wants to do that so that's what you
should look up if you're interested in
that so I would definitely keep an eye
on ZK proofs within Bridge architectures
as a way to improve those architectures
and also in case you missed it l2b
announced last night the release of
their Bridge dashboard which is really
exciting because I think the more
information that we give to users about
the security of the bridges that they
want to use the more we can push Bridge
protocols to work to increase security
and also we're giving users that data so
they can make the informed decision
about which bridge is right for them
when it comes to optimistic Roll-Ups
we're going to see these protocols
Branch out and really dive into
Innovative optimizations I've called
them optimistic optimizations which I
think is kind of fun arbitrum Nitro and
optimism Bedrock are both huge steps
forward for the ecosystem yesterday at
the roll-up Day event vitalik actually
proposed several possible ways that we
could decentralize provers and also
diversify approvers and luckily for us
both are both arbitrum Nitro and
optimism better Iraq are already
architected in a way that should allow
for multiple provers and different types
of approvers one of the cool things
about both arbitrary Nitro and optimism
Bedrock is that they're sort of Paving
the way for allowing validity proofs
within optimistic Roll-Ups which is
really cool and something I would
definitely keep an eye on
Roll-Ups with layer 3 capabilities will
honestly be able to eat up a lot of the
market if they get off the ground with
offerings like privacy daps permission
dapps for institutions games and even
creating space for alternative L1 chains
to execute on top of the layer 2 and
ultimately still settle on ethereum
gaining ethereum security success here
will depend largely on ecosystem support
documentation and ease of use this is
also kind of a new theme recursive
proofs exist on starknet now but they're
still pretty new and I haven't seen any
actual implementations of layer threes
yet if you have let me know I'd love to
take a look but I do think layer threes
will be part of the discourse in the
coming months and years as all of the ZK
Roll-Ups especially mature and go to
mainnet speaking of ZK Roll-Ups ZK EVMS
are likely to dominate the attention of
the layer 2 space in the coming months
ZK EVMS are really exciting and
something a lot of us have been talking
about for the past I don't even know how
long honestly since Layer Two kind of
became a thing and the reason they're
exciting is because they are
theoretically compatible with existing
ethereum tooling making them much easier
to use they allow for a shorter waiting
time to exit to get finality and also
because they use ZK proofs and we all
love math uh well I do anyway and I
think as these protocols enter mainnet
the debate will turn to what counts as a
true evm what is close enough what is
evm compatibility and how much of it do
we need for SDK evm to really operate
the way that we expect it to we'll also
be talking a lot more about the
Innovative architectures and use cases
that ZK EVMS allow
ah so I'd say things are getting a
little spicy in the cryptoverse around
various DK Roll-Ups that are entering
the ecosystem
I posit that competition is good and I
hope we can turn the spice into
something constructive and eventually
coalesce around some helpful standards I
think we're sort of in that diverge
converge area when it comes to ZK
Roll-Ups and we're still on the diverge
side but hopefully we'll get to converge
soon and you know we're going to see a
debate about how important zkevms are
and that's also going to necessarily
mean a discussion of how starknet's
non-evm ecosystem Compares we'll see
more comparison materials and
discussions of how security
decentralization Etc Compares between
the two types of ZK roulette protocols
there's no question in my mind that the
ZK space is red hot right now and I
expect ZK Roll-Ups to really take the
stage going into 2023 if you had to pick
one theme of anything that I've
mentioned it's ZK Roll-Ups and probably
zkevms in the near future so it turns
out 7 minutes is not very long I'm
literally being told right now my time
is up so I did create a list of some
more Trends to keep an eye on that I
didn't really have time to dive into I'm
particularly interested in the modular
blockchain designs of protocols like
Celestia and how they will relate to how
those learnings can be taken into the
layer 2 ecosystem and maybe make changes
there so you might be thinking how on
Earth can I stay on top of all of these
ecosystem developments and the space
moves really quickly and that's a valid
concern so I've provided you with a list
of some of the
some of the Twitter accounts that I
follow that have some great educational
content I really recommend following
these people it's the best place to
start and then from there you can kind
of see who they follow and what they're
posting and become as educated as you
want to be about the layer two space and
how the ecosystem is growing
so in conclusion Layer Two is here it is
changing fast and it's bringing some of
the most exciting Innovations imaginable
to the ethereum ecosystem and again my
name is feyna thank you all for your
time sorry for going overtime
and I hope that this Tapas educational
thank you faino
thank you so much