[Music]
all right thanks for coming everyone I
know it's kind of early so this is a
lightning talk on based Roll-Ups and
pre-ms
and as you know these lightning talks
are extremely quick so this isn't going
to answer all of the questions it's
really going to try and lay the
foundation and motivation for why um
different teams are working on this so I
I would want to start with like what is
the big motivation here
um and the big goal of these based
rollups really is to help solve this
fragmentation issue we're starting to
see in the L2 space and to restore some
value capture back to the base layer so
how did we get here well ethereum is
always in this tricky position um the
goalposts always move gas was too
expensive we created this rollup Centric
road map we succeeded in offloading all
of this execution things got cheaper TPS
increased but eth is dead so we really
want to try and address some of these
problems headon and the big focus of
this talk is around fragmentation So
currently these l2s aren't interoperable
with each other they fragment liquidity
they fragment users they also fragment
developers you have to pick a winning
ecosystem to deploy on or deploy across
many which starts to spread your
resources and what we're really seeing
is this kind of convergence on what I'm
calling intraop you have
interoperability within your ecosystem
but not across these
ecosystems so how do we fix this
fragmentation problem well one easy
solution is that we just agree on one
entity to sequence all of these rollups
and that sounds pretty centralizing so
can we do this in a way that preserves a
lot of the values that we care about so
enter based rollups the idea here um
this is a quote from Justin's paper
um the tldr here is it's a based rollup
when it's sequenced by ethereum
validators so in this picture on the
left hand side here we have centralized
sequencing the idea is you have these
unordered transactions a centralized
sequencer job is to order them for the
rollup um these little squiggly things
are the Roll-Ups at the bottom here okay
as we move to the right we're increasing
in decentralization and we're unlocking
interoperability
so with shared sequencing you have
multiple parties that are all agreeing
According to some leader election
mechanism on who has the ability to
sequence all of the
rollups and as we move all the way to
the right we enter this based sequencing
mode the idea is that the transactions
for these l2s will be sequenced directly
by ethereum
validators and how does this help how
does this unlock interoperability
the idea is that we have these right
locks over L2 State when an ethereum
validator is going to propose a block
they have a right lock over the entire
L1 block and all of the L2 blocks that
are going to be included and when we
have a bunch of rollups that are all
agreeing to be sequenced by this
validator it unlocks this ability for
you to start passing messages across
these rollups we don't need these
Bridges we're able to do these more
seamlessly so this has
limitations um one of the big issues
with based Roll-Ups is that they have um
really 12C block times a lot of users
want to come to l2s because they they
care about that snapy ux those instant
transactions we can always reduce the L1
block times but that's a very long
arduous process that has a lot of
unknowns and centralization vectors so
proms this is another one of these um
new terms that stands for pre-
confirmations a pre-com is a commitment
made by these validators um to users
about doing something related to block
proposals so this could mean I'm giving
a guarantee to a user that I'll include
their transaction when it's my turn to
propose the block or I can even give a
stronger guarantee like this will be the
state after executing your transaction
and if if I break my promise as the
preuner then I can get slashed um on um
various
means so to kind of wrap this up like
how does this all come together so the
user over here would be able to send
their rollup transactions to be
sequenced by an ethereum validator they
in response give back this
pre-confirmation
signature um which is like this receipt
for the users guaranteeing that their
transaction will be in included or it'll
be executed um inside of the rollup and
if the validator does break this promise
they can be slashed by submitting
evidence to the slashing contract and
what does this enable well it solves a
lot of these ux problems and when we
start to enter this like execution prec
comps we we really make it to a place
where we can actually outperform um
these alt l1s by giving these very
instant transactions back to users and
this all comes without modifications to
the Bas layer so hopefully this maybe
peaked people's interest on this topic
um but of course in a in a five minute
lightning talk that's uh there's still
many many things to be explored so thank
you all for
[Music]
joining okay yeah we have a few
questions um
right yeah so the the first question
here how does this notion scale um if
they need to validate all of the L2
transactions so this is a great question
so I think there's kind of Two Two
Worlds here like one is sequencing
itself doesn't imply execution so it
doesn't have to take on all of the load
but realistically there's different
implementations of these um pre-com
protocols being built some of them
offload this duty to um these kind of
Gateway is what they're called similar
to the PBS pipeline we see
today um second question
pre-confirmation Services seem to be the
biggest layer of complexity for me um
these pre-comp networks will likely
require consensus is this the biggest
drawback so definitely over the past
year like it's been it started from this
like very dark Forest unknown and over
time we've started to untangle it and
some of the bigger questions are now
just around pricing but really you don't
need an actual consensus protocol to
build this um you're able to just
broadcast like these messages directly
to the users and if the user like
doesn't get their pre-confirmation
they're able to go and
slash okay maybe one last question why
is Spire better than puffer why is Spire
better than puffer well um we're all
here building based rollups so um
yeah I I understand so everyone has
their own vision for the best approach
thank you very much so thank you please
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