[Music]
perfect oh they're up thank you very
much um so today on the last day of
Defcon I'm going to talk about
sovereignist versus globalists this is
very much a talk that should get you to
think about the ethos that we all follow
behind building in the space and what
specific sort of implementations we
should be optimizing for so first of all
the goal of the space is to be Sovereign
it is to be able to control your own
assets to freely move around to have
sensorship resistant assets Cesar
resistant assets the this is
fundamentally the goal of the space is
to be Sovereign um and with that I would
start that a single decentralized
network is still centralized um and
we'll do nice Q&A in a sec on whether
you agree with this but fundamentally if
there's something a single of something
you cannot leave right like a single of
something can always become compromised
so a single decent network is still
actually very
centralized um from a physical
perspective it won't survive World War
III and this is sort of like I I think
when you think a little bit about this
problem like neither ethereum or Bitcoin
or any other Global consensus is really
going to be surviving World War I that
it just seems unlikely that we're going
to spend a b bunch of bandwidth on
global consensus for magic internet
money uh when all Global fiber has been
cut uh from a social perspective it can
be captured um and so as a result we
shouldn't design blockchains like a
single one world government quick show
of hands here who thinks that a single
one world government is a good
idea yes this is always zero and so no
one ever seems to think that a single
one world government is a good idea and
so we shouldn't be designing our systems
sort of in the vein of there's a single
Global Security model to rule us
all um because fundamentally different
people have different requirements for
the security models um so my parents
live in Germany they trust a local
government they want something that the
local government can sort of interject
and revert this is fundamentally the
trust model they care about if you live
in Argentina you don't um You probably
much more prefer Global Security
independent instances um but you still
want to like if you travel to Germany
you still want to be able to roam into
the local security zone for myself I
prefer like the etherum mean it over my
local government right but sort of like
security and the security model that you
care about is a fundamentally personal
choice and we should be designing these
systems to work for everyone in the
world and not say well everyone must
have the same notion of what security
that they care about um the really
important part here though is we need to
comp uh maintain composability and allow
applications to roam so it's not a vable
a viable option to say well everyone
install like the next 500 iPhone
applications in order to like be
compatible with all these different
security environments phones in the real
world actually did this really well
where I could buy a phone in Switzerland
it still works here it still works in
the US it still works in China right
like I can use the same fundamental
interface uh to interact in many
different uh specific security
models this also brings me to why we
want to be thinking about this from a
scale-free network perspective and why
this is the only true scalable way to do
this with local Sovereign security
because fundamentally State should only
only be collocated together when it's
valuable together um like not all
Financial transactions in the world need
to be under the same security model they
should be under different ones where for
example we like physically in proximity
so all Financial transactions in Bangkok
should be like locally settled to
Bangkok and this is also the strongest
argument for why this will always be
faster than Solana like Solana can never
beat us here because like they cannot
violate the laws of physics around speed
of light so like if we do local
settlement we will always be the single
possibly fastest thing um and yeah you
only want to have to opt into
collocation of State when you actually
have the need for it because it's
expensive um and so yeah the basic
example is that users in applications
can roam between instances so sometimes
I want to be on global ethereum
sometimes I want to be on local Bangkok
but I can use the same fundament
interfaces and the same type of
applications to roam across all these
different security
models um and this leads to a very nice
other thing is that everyone becomes
their own chain because we can like get
rid of of the weird abstraction barrier
between uh users and chains where users
are just one out of one chains U for
example like circle is a good example of
this circle no matter how hard they
pretend not to be is a blockchain like
they are the blockchain that issues usdc
on a one out of one
key fundamentally when I think about why
I joined the space seven years ago it's
because we want to build for World War I
like we want to build World War II
resilient infrastructure because
fundamentally the world is becoming more
unstable it's becoming very multipolar
at the moment and so the infrastructure
that we built in the past sort of won't
survive a dedicated attack like all our
past infrastructure was built around PX
Amana um and it's not resilient enough
so we need a replacement upgrade for
existing coordination infrastructure
because on world on day one of World War
III Global connectivity will just stop
uh this is I think this needs to be
treated as given that Global fiber is
going to go away and most satellites
will drop out of the sky um the the
other thing to consider is that um
privacy we need this not to like height
something but fundamentally for National
Defense Community defense like think of
privacy as something that you need to
have in order to protect your community
from the outside
world um yes so I will quickly skip over
this um but fundamentally local
instances must work regardless of global
connectivity and so you want to be as
local as for quiet but as Global as
possible depending on the underlying
physical networking characteristics that
you find uh one of the best examples for
this is oh if you're in this room you're
in charge very fundamentally you should
be running your own notes you should be
running your own infrastructure if you
sit here you have to provide like
digital infrastructure for your parents
and your local community uh no one else
is going to do this a good example of
this is ham radios in zuk where a bunch
of volunteers formed the ham radio club
that Pro uh provides 6 hour emergency
backup like within 6 hours they have
emergency backup coms online um to in
case connectivity drops in zuk where I
live in Switzerland so they have like
these trucks with generators and
antennas and they drive to the mountain
peaks in order to restore local area
networking again for emergency
services that's a quick TDR a single
decentralized network is still very
centralized and a single Global Security
model is fundamentally terrifying um and
fundamentally you have to run
infrastructure if you lie relying on
Fury you're doing it wrong and privacy
for National
Defense yeah we've got to be building
World War 3 resilient infrastructure as
a framing thank you very
much thank you very much Adrian so if
there are any questions please raise
your hand I will toss the mic to you
don't worry it doesn't hurt soft again
doesn't
break let's go
almost all right but um besides the Suk
the network uh what are the possible
practical implementations of this U
approach um for example if we lose
connectivity we should still be capable
of forming a local coordination effec
your local on demand chain to just use
within this room right like even if we
just wanted like outside of the World
War III example but in the more specific
example we want to play trading game or
we want to do local trading uh we should
run this on our own chain here because
this is going to be the single fastest
thing you can do like whenever you care
about latency you want to really
strongly consider what kind of state you
need to collocate next to each other and
like if you need to have fast Laten or
low latency you need to be as close to
each other as
possible good question by the
way are there any more questions
foran have
one you got it on the
back how do you deal with the double
spend problem if you can't reconcile
Global State um so you can tag State and
again very good question actually most
people don't think about this but so you
can tag each individual piece of state
to be and I skipped over this in the
slide to be controlled by specific state
controller and for example if you want
to do local settlement and we currently
have all our state in global ethereum
we'd move it temporarily into s of into
the custody of the local state
controller and this could be a
blockchain run by I don't know the 100
people here uh or like the 4,000 people
at the conference and then whenever we
want to tear this down we can move our
state back out uh this requires a little
bit of thinking around how you do state
layouts in these like databases that we
ended up calling blockchains uh if you
want to learn more about this I suggest
looking into the anoral resource machine
um which is a very nice resource model
where every individual piece of state it
can be complex State as well like a
smart contract is actually tagged as
individual utxo that can be moved around
to different controller
instances very cool thank you very much
Adrian so our next