so thanks everyone my name is Jeff
attack
I'm a researcher at inria which is the
French national research institute for
computer science and my research
background is in parallel and
distributed computing with a focus on
how to build distributed computing
infrastructure under using Internet
resources the work I'm going to present
today is actually a joint work with
Hyrule hair from the Chinese Academy of
Science
I don't know if I will you are here yes
he also is the guy here and this talk
today is about how we can build a
blockchain but fully distributed and
cloud and what would like to my goal
today is to give you a perspective from
the infrastructure point of view which i
think is very important so as you know
if Iran allows you to develop this
trivial application distributed
application and systems that run on the
blockchain and the blockchain gives this
application of some very nice properties
applications are going to be autonomous
they are going to be a resilient secure
and then there's also these distributed
consensus so that's a great thing
that's great promises and particular
sometimes we are talking about a
supercomputer but actually what's
happening when you try to move your
existing application to the blockchain
is that you face the fact that in fact
you are offered very limited computing
capacities offense and storage is quite
expensive it spare you have a slower
execution very high latency if you need
communication through the transaction
and so that's really a limitation
and so and so the question he is a
hooker and with I mean I live yet this
and that's especially an issue if you
consider the fact that there is a huge
computing power which is given by all
these are the miners so there's really a
gap and the objective of this work is so
to try to give all this computing power
back to the application that needs it so
the objective of i exac is to provide
blockchain by distributed application
access to ocean computing resources when
they need it so in terms of computing
resources were thinking about CPU we are
thinking about data access application
in particular focusing on compute
intensive application services and so
forth and to do this of course we can
take advantage of the blockchain and try
to organize a global market for
computing resources so think it as a
kind of Airbnb for servers where
everyone would be able to put its own
servers and use someone else evers and
so that's still a cloud in the sense
that you access through the blockchain
to the computing resources on demand and
as a payoff as a pay-as-you-go basis and
so this idea of building a distributed
cloud is actually very timely at the
moment what's happening with the cloud
computing is that very centralized on
data servers and big data centers and I
don't know what the situation your
respective countries but in France for
instance if you want to set up a new
data center in Paris area the answer is
simply no not enough room not enough
power forget it and so this little
situation where you have all those data
centers that go in very remote area you
know to have either free energy or free
cooling like cheaper energy or free
cooling like Iceland in Europe or
tiburtina
in China for instance and so distributed
cloud computing is also about relocating
those data center closer to the data
producer and consumer and just to give
you an idea of you know how we could
read some next-gen data center
distributed data center is that some
picture coming from people who are
working with so on the left you have the
Reuters University they set up the data
center on the roof top of their building
with solar panel and this is fully you
know low-power processor batteries and
this is fully energy autonomous under
right oh sorry
on my left and so on your right this is
Colonel computing the blackboard that
you see here is both a server a server
and a heater so this is actually the CPU
you notice the CPU energy which is
warming when doing 3d rendering which is
warming your apartment during winter
winter time so we can distribute the
data sometimes feasible I'm always
coming with edge for computing of course
the goal of I exactly tooth is to make
those not be able to to to add those
kind of it right so to be run on the
blockchain so how to do that actually
the technology to build a dead
distributed cloud is already there since
many times we just call that desktop
grid computing it's the idea of using
PCs and the internet when they are
either and it's very mature technology
so for instance during those everything
to do the distributive cloud you have
security virtualization can chip VM
images you can even do quality of
services you know high level things so
for instance in Europe we had the
European Union funding the European
disturb green infrastructure we had
about 11 different sites in Hungary
France Denmark etc totally not two
hundred thousand computing nodes and
this was available you know to the
traditional science infrastructure such
as the LHC so we were able to
transparently execu many applications
coming from finance biomedical research
mathematics high-energy physics etc so
in my research team we used to push this
idea in every possible direction with
the parallel computing and internet Map
Reduce computing and internet quality of
services for execution while machine da
volatility setter etcetera so for this
work what is interesting for us these
are two pieces of middleware basically
extreme web HTP which is if you want the
production version
one of these ideas it's done by your
Oleg ludajenski at the in2 preframe it
does task management and the other one
is bid you that those data management so
the way we are working at the moment
mostly you know experiment and
proof-of-concept see what's going on so
we have the regular stack if you want
the application that has no specialty
blockchain pass the resource management
middleware and and of course the
executing the actual machines and what
we do is that we put a film in between I
would try to see what's going on what is
difficult or challenging or what is easy
that's all that's basically the result
so on the left part you have what is
super easy the goes we'll show it in
green and on the right part light right
path it's what is red and what is really
challenging
so results publication this is basically
you have you know result description
language or very well standardized and
you basically translate this into some
sort of act contract and put it on the
blockchain so fairly easy resource
provisioning just add the flag that
gives the status of the resources and
then it gets more tricky so for instance
match matchmaking is you want to be able
to say this with this application that
requires this amount of memory can run
on those resources so you have to
brought some holder blockchain and then
things get real tricky with scheduling
so simple scheduling so scheduling it
you have a list of tasks you have a list
of machines and you want to build the
execution plan so things get really
tricky when you need you know advanced
scheduling advanced scheduling with
multi criteria so things like I'm ready
to I want a fastest execution possible
and I'm ready to pay for that it's
getting really a computer tension memory
intensive so no use case we're also
working with an application it's called
if a this is a framework for doing
Finance analysis and the interesting
things here that it does a lot of
machine learning so a lot of machine
learning it's both data intensive and
compute intensive so here of course I'm
not going to make it on the the
blockchain and
you need to go offline I've seen so and
the good thing is that once if a service
is ready their customers will be able to
rent it directly on the blockchain
because this application is going to be
autonomous it will fetch itself the
resources in need on the blockchain to
execute it option okay so our test bed
for doing this it's the grid 5000 is the
French interaction show dedicated for
researching in distributed system so we
are very lucky to have this at all
disposal it's actually a distributed
cloud it's nine sites and we have 100
about of course 1,000 nodes 8000 course
and yes and the and so 3 grid to do you
know scalability tests and this kind of
things and we have a dedicated 10 Giga
Network and so the last I mean the
bottom in or use case it's we want to
use the steam LG servers to run this so
so steam adji what they are doing it's a
this is actually that this server is a
furnace so it pre-warmed the the water
before distributed this in the building
and we hope to to do demo 18 know in
November at the supercomputing a
conference and that will be for the
first time in the history of blockchain
a smart contract with wood side effect
is to warm a swimming pool so amazing
this is true this is true this is lab it
ok in Paris so bad on those earlier
experiment that's a sketch of what the
future is going to be for us
most certainly so from what I am what I
think is that we are going to have
something like a side chain because we
need know some sort of a new consensus
for what's going of shame that we call
that proof of contribution important
thing is that there are many information
that you need to make it run but you
know that are not necessarily relevant
with respect to the to the to the
provisioning contract if you so for
instance everything that is about tasks
you sure this is meaningful when you
want to establish the fact that the
computation went right but it's not
really meaningful with respect to the
contribute to the contract that
provision those resources and as for the
the execution so I want to I think we
need some dedicated section for this we
also have some very specific workload in
in perilous and parallel computing you
often have things that arrives really in
bursts so so we have to to be able to
optimize for this specific workload and
and last thing is that the console fees
can be very different for parallel
computing you know in some case in
parallel computing that's totally okay
to have a fraction of your application
that gives you wrong result it just
depends on the application so we must be
very flexible with respect to this okay
so just to conclude distributing the
cloud I mean it's also give us some new
opportunities that's very important so
as I said I'm repeating myself it hats
which are matters and so as we can set
up the rule that's our own game so we
can do whatever we want so why not for
instance think of an infrastructure that
would be energy positive no that would
produce more energy that in consumes I
mean a charger up to us to decide this
okay so just to find some some dude and
one showing the blockchain lab Dacca had
the French team who has been a very
supportive with us thank you very much