[Music]
hi guys girls
my name is Casper I'm thrilled to be
here most likely I won't be your
favorite guy today here I work for
government and I help actually nations
to become better not to destroy them and
and sometimes I feel myself that I'm
stuck in the middle I'm stuck in the
middle of two different worlds and there
are both ways why they don't like me
when I meet you in a decentralized words
I love to see how we can trust the
platform mathematics encryption each
other not some centralized Authority how
it increases transparency how it lowers
bureaucracy it's all great I am managing
director of the e-residency in Estonia
so in other hand my daily job is to help
nations to become digital to give up
become borderless and most like like I
have helped your nation also and I see a
lot of benefits of a nation-state as
well actually I like many regulations
with nations too
when it comes to privacy even if you is
a lot damaged I like about antitrust
laws how the wide monopolies I like I
can come here and I can roam using the
same fees on internet I can travel
without needing a passport there are
many things which I do like about
organizations and nations but the same
time I feel and I support most of you
that it can't kind of continue as it is
because the dissatisfaction increases
and we don't trust them
much at all anymore and something needs
to be read transformed but my logic is
that instead of destroying and building
something from scratch I will try to
help them I bet they are so and
throughout my last four or five years
while I'm running this there have been
already some pilots there we have
examples of decentralized applications
for example and the Tea Room blockchain
which work together with nation-state
services on a left-hand side
Oracle ice has made way how you can
check whether someone's identity is also
valid in government side you know any
smart contracts on the right-hand side
it was just developed last month I think
born actually won Berlin competition
where you can actually do smart
contracts using digitally signed digital
identities approved by governments which
means that all of those smart contracts
are also legit in policing world in
government world and and it increases
transparency through this blockchain and
it it has some different values why they
have done it for example they brought
out in their block that when you lose
your card you can get the new one at
Embassy
so we Ortiz tell identity remains the
same even if you lose your private keys
of your wallet but what interests me
more is that what else can you do what
else can you do if you would like to
help nations to succeed in becoming
digital and what I will do now is I will
show you that a 10 phase roadmap which I
see can happen with nations it's like
one path which I see that may take place
in next 50 to 100 years time and and if
you consider this big picture then
please do you think how and where you
can see you can be relevant to help
succeeding those nations
try try to make the change happen so 10
faces of digital nation-state steps I'll
bring to you face number one where most
nations are today faking to be digital I
I'm from Estonia so I never experienced
those but I heard that people have still
those fax machines and you do signatures
on paper with ink so for us it's we
managed to skip that face after becoming
green independent in 1991 we didn't
really had those technologies because
it's quite fun you print out PDFs and
then you feel it and then you scan it
and then someone I guess gets it from
other scanner and then needs to fill it
again on computer its signature which
you can verify whether it's correct or
not in the first place so not a real
good mood and steps but the most nations
are here today switching to digital and
Estonia happened in 2000 so 18 years ago
a meaning that besides nations
recognizing you and true identity they
also allow you as we have saw in stone
as basic human right to recognize your
own internet also so every every person
managed to have a digital identity a new
unique identifier on internet and each
of us have that my digital identity is 3
8 7 1 2 1 2 7 9 6 and I'm not afraid of
having a unique ID we can't miss confuse
privacy with name like you know my name
is Casper you can't kind of misuse the
name you know my digital name
you can't misuse that just computers are
better knowing numbers and characters
and each half private-public eater each
transaction which we do where we enter
is encrypted all the data is encrypted
only I can decrypt it I own my data
whoever checks my data if they are
permission
I will see that through a blockchain
based system and if there wasn't a real
case why they had to use my data then
it's a criminal case and it ends up very
very bad for them digital identities was
launched like I said 18 years ago first
five years no one used them for anything
because there weren't airing services
after five years first service started
appear and now literally everything is
online and digital access available tens
of thousands of services face number
three which stone entered few years
later like 15 16 years ago is data
exchange something in the infrastructure
layer which nation's mostly have failed
today this is the screenshot of Estonia
its decentralized way how government is
built up and out a theis kept each of
those green nodes like I said is a
separate entity where my data can be
there a path told we have done
regulations so that privacy is taken
seriously and beyond our data if we want
to transact why its use would have this
centralized way is it for many reasons
first there is no single point of
failure second it's very efficient it is
very scalable if I give you some
examples of the services what we can use
for example two days ago I updated my
driver license I logged into one of
those nodes
I gave access to the driver license
entity to access my healthcare records
that my eyes are still all right to
access my picture for driver license to
access my age whether I'm eligible to
drive and where I live because it needs
to be in driving license I could have
done that without giving them allowance
to access my data I needed to do that
then manually physically but they gave
that access they put everything together
and
next day yesterday I got my driver
license I just teach the designing and
accepting that I meant and see whether
I'd seen a log
which shows of that transaction and like
that all of the services the magic is
that most of the services which we need
to use in Carmen site needs data from
different departments if you declare
taxes it asks data from tens of
different sources about I allow access
my salary my property how many children
I have what's my salary etc it
calculates everything together and I
digital sign and I have declare my taxes
so for us it's been there for quite some
time and it works it's always been
working and and for us besides having
unique identifiers the data exchange
layer has been very important factor for
the success of our dish to society I put
together one slide as many nations where
I'm trying to help them try to do
something severe similar but don't
understand how to do it and I see that
very first thing is for us all to make
this level of your net awareness their
awareness that it is possible to be
digital
so that privates and security is
protected more a lot more than
paper-based words like how do you know
who checks today your health care data
who owns your health care data who
changes anything in your health care
data you don't have any transparency any
visibility anything to change with
digital based systems Therese and with
technology like rock chain and
encryption we can have that trust to
keep our data where how and how we
exactly we want it to be the level of
acceptance this comes most because
people are not ready
and don't give permission government to
do anything digitally and that's why
they really lag behind legislation
data private protection acts private sax
digital signature acts all of this
legislation needs to be in place before
government starts to become digital
infrastructure data exchange as I showed
you digital identity and then the
services come usually carbons are
starting from top down they start
building some services and start picking
out the rest later and that's why they
fail phase number four becoming
borderless this happened in Estonia 2014
and I started to run this Oregon called
EU residency this means that every
person on planet alone voluntarily can
have and apply to become an e resident
of Estonia to become our digital citizen
and you obtain the same digital identity
as Estonians have and you can access the
same system same services then I
launched that four plus years ago I
didn't exactly know why you should like
to become an e resident or why should we
do it in the first place so it was more
like carbon tax like a start-up manner
trying to understand your needs and
trying to do everything that you would
love it throughout those years we have
changed ten plus laws for you we have
developed many services changed all the
processes and now we are in exponential
growth rate throughout the last years of
people who become digital citizens of
foreign nations and and using some
systems mostly people use our business
environment last talks have heard all
about the financial exclusion problems
today if you're coming in like 70% of
nations today can't offer financial
services to their citizens so people
become new residents of Estonia they
would set up a business within two
clicks they establish banking accounts
and they can start selling their
services or products globally the same
day having access to Apple place tours
to Google's etc to really empower the
financial inclusion through this
platform and it's possible and it's
scaling
and for us the motivations are of course
different in some ways for a nation its
economic project because we increase our
economy we offer our services to them we
get some money from that so it there are
incentivized to do it but for us and for
me person of course it's more about
about something to give back to those
who lack in digital society who lack of
those services and as we have this
platform it kind of hasn't hurt us to
offer that globally and I see that now
there are two other nations who have
joined and opened up and offered
e-residency to others and they see that
one day everyone will nations will
understand that they don't need and they
don't have to serve only those citizens
who they own in that land they can have
service and offer those to everyone and
whoever wants can start choosing them I
see that if today Emir isn't of some
nations after seven years I mean
resident of at least ten different
nations I'm opting intonation like a
service and opting out if I don't like
that nation I can choose the nations
where I want to belong to myself some
because of the good services it can be
health care it can be business
environment some because the values of
the nation matches my values I wouldn't
become digital citizen of many nations
today
because the values don't match your
residents like this environment because
of hashtag transparency encryption and
environment suits them
face number five which happened few
years ago is moving to the cloud meaning
that it goes of Vienna and different
laws governments need to keep their
citizens data inside the government what
we did to hack this system is that now
we have embassies internationally but in
the in those embassies we don't have
people who work there as usually because
in embassies it's a stone and land and
regulations in that foreign land but we
have data centers so if something
happens let's say politically correctly
national disaster and then we can just
switch one click one button and not the
only our service data is backed up but
all our services would keep up and run
so without physically Estonia being
there I would still register my marriage
there I would still elect on during
voting pace who will be representing me
and my voice I will still pay taxes even
to my nation so you can't eliminate one
nation anymore all the rest of the five
phases between I haven't exactly
achieved yet but so you can be much more
critical about those phases but I just
see that in some form they can happen
next what I want to do is building an
app store of a nation-state and here of
course together with your help also
nations are very bad in R&T and in
development and in engineering in the
first place like most of the services in
in Estonia like they are nothing
compared to what you can do and because
the progress and the systems are not not
built for that so what we have done and
starting now is offering a wide range of
API so that you can build all the
services for nations instead of nations
themselves
we have API is to authenticate the
digital design to establish a company
you can have your own website very
establish you company through your
residency and have your own environment
in different languages you name it and I
want to do that all the services which
nation offers should be offered to api's
as well face number seven I believe is
the first phase when actually nations
don't harass you and you don't feel that
they demand something from you he's
becoming invisible if you give allowance
to do something with your data then
there are many things which we can
automate today if my child was born I
logged in and I still registered the
kindergarten posite place I still
registered social welfare systems all of
those things can be made automatically
if I become 65 pensions can be and
should be done automatically I don't
need to apply those things all the life
cycle a person can be automated so that
you don't feel at all the nation is on
back face number eight tokenizing the
eco system this is what i wrote on a
blog last summer launching our tokens
called s coins and I had three four
different use cases how to use that
somewhere that has companies and
organizations want to raise funds the
same way I feel that people could be
part of a society actually and have
staked on that if society develops and
if we believe in society you buy those
tokens those tokens then good be used
inside the ecosystem to exchange value
the same way those tokens could be used
even to authenticate instead of plastic
ID cards and I wrote many different use
cases and and we try to search more what
and how to evolve with that face number
nine is empowering nation through AI
like AI is natural part of our lives in
private life already lost
I much move it was a a who recommended
me on Netflix watched a lot of watch
last time I ordered a pizza Hosea who
recommended me pizza place went to
restaurant who say etc my emails are
answered now why I say I the same way
there's no reason to believe that most
important national government decisions
wouldn't be done or empower true AI and
there I totally agree with you that so
many important decisions are based and
undone on some few people which
sometimes are based on emotion some very
short-term prospects and I believe that
after 50 or so years we look back and we
do laugh about the situation how the
government is making laws to happen and
how the decision-making processes
actually are taking place there's so
much which we can do already today in
real time even when comes the taxation
which nation start love to do where the
lower were to increase regarding to
demand but also more complex decision
making process I feel and I do believe
that codec and AI pace decision-making
tools for Carmen's will be very big
things in coming years and we already
started to use some of them and and one
day if the AI recommends you what to do
and you just click the green button I
agree I agree I agree and I do believe
that one crazy day we don't need those
people to click that red or Korean
patent and force it but the system can
work on background and if the system is
built on legislation which we support
which which is done by citizens and if
it is supported by AI
and global then I do believe that like
we have started with some nations like
Finland today already we help each other
to offer those services then it's not
like we can see this two ways whether
it's like Big Brother coming and going
to conquer the world or it's just some
software which helps citizens and the
decision making process and we can use
this
same software a player for other nations
also we don't need 100 different
software's whichever works best we can
start using with our partner nations so
in very tall ends up as one possibility
if nations don't totally fail
I believe it's nations are becoming
independent from its own physical and
citizens services and start serving
humans as never before
thank you so yeah as told not me mostly
maybe so popular amongst yours but if
you see that there is a way for not
destroying nations but helping to grow
and peel them join the community
becoming residents help to build the
central stepped creations on top of that
help to build applications which matter
also more in real world I where
legislation is supporting those and and
help me to help your nation as well
thank you
[Applause]
you