[Applause]
this very lousy technical talk also one
layer to UX design patterns I shoulda
landed other people studies about
development but it's about design
actually so how many of you are actually
familiar with layer 2 technologies
NoHo plasma state channels work comic
don't okay a few we will have a tiny
tiny primer above that so that you can
get out dispute so on the agenda I will
give a tiny detail about precedents for
the framework of how we went out and
found these principles tiny principles
at the primer only to technology so that
those of
understand what we're talking about and
then there are these leads to design
patterns very very little and few
patterns because there's not being much
time to test with real users I test only
with you who will tell you about that
and a summary of insights and of course
in the middle is it going yeah okay we
will have the voices of the users okay
that is these bubbles of things that
people and users actually told me I mean
to do that non crypto users but Victor
of Korean users also and they will be
speaking in the middle of the
presentation so that you can hear the
voice as well so unless you represented
this Web 3 design decision making
framework was a tool that came out from
the interviews of many different
companies in this race that helped us
map the different problems users have
into different types of buckets of
questions that were fundamental to
decentralization and things that are
related to the technicalities of the
object this is interesting because it
leads to how we found the design
patterns and also why we started doing
the layer 2 design happens so what we
found out is at work there's new mental
models and there are there are also new
complicated concepts and these fits in
different things and the solutions that
these companies were using range in two
different buckets as well if you want
things that you could hide you should
type to the user and things that are
technical you should oh and you can
alight you should explain better I'm not
going through the whole presentation I
would love you but just a simple example
to the sound like gas is a
multi-dimensional problem you can't have
things that you can hide away like what
is got right designers and projects have
had a lot of success in finding
different questions but there are other
things like why is there a price at all
who is it getting it that you need to
find better explainers for this and
these happen also in the negative and of
course the solutions these companies
were using could be mapped out in here
and so this is where the layer two comes
in which is there was a high degree of
consensus among developers and designers
and working in the space but sometimes
it's okay to have a server a server that
helps you in the middle that there is a
degree of centralization especially for
newcomers for non crypto user it's okay
to build them by the hand and then on
portable to real decentralized
technology and so this is why I thought
that lady two had that promise of
bringing the degree of centralization
but it still has the security of layer 1
so right now a primer on state channels
and on plasma and state channels they
all basically work more or less the same
thing you have layer one technology that
will all change if you I'm not saying
where you have a smart contract you drop
in or you lock in some tokens some ether
ok and
anything
have been obtained either in the case of
state panels these are like normal
server transactions where two parties
Alice and Bob sign each other messages
and so you are constantly like messaging
each other the new state and you agree
on that space it's always the last
Tuesday and whenever you want to
withdraw you go back to layer one and
there is where the security comes in
through a challenge period maybe this
guy wants to cheat but this guy here has
the last the state and so it's
mathematically provable that this guy
will win the layer 1 security ensures
that anything that happens off chain is
secure ok and there is few to clear
networks like me connected with Berto
right or through hubs intermediary six
month where a lot of users are connected
together ok plasma is a little bit
different but as the same concept you
have the main layer one chain where you
have contract you deposit tokens of
ether in there as well and what happens
of chain is actually another chain but
that has a faster throughput they have
less validators there is you can have
like two thousand transactions per
second more or less here and you're
competing periodically every 32 seconds
Morelos minutes 32 blocks thank you
you're committing that space into the
chain so this is the difference between
state channels and plasma which is in
plasma you need periodically to send
transactions on chain and to register
information in state channels you don't
and they are called optimistic layers if
you want because you don't resort to
layer one until you actually need it if
L if we are behaving well you don't need
to go on the plasma does this thing but
if only in the case we are
behaving badly you've gone to a fair one
and site change maybe you have heard of
this things tide change are not they do
we'll talk about that is basically an
atomic well swap between two different
chains so there's a few more Bitcoin
whatever we the public ones open
and it's minted on the other side but
I'm not going to talk about this because
the side chains are not layered to and
actually right now there's another talk
somewhere downstairs exactly about this
site no site is really so if you hear
sightings are nothing to and okay
basically to speed up we did interview
people in the space and users I want my
mission is to unboard my mother and my
brother okay and so I try to talk to
non-critical users only few of them five
of them because there wasn't much time
with people releasing stuff right before
they're going to actually have something
in our hands to touch with there's three
main moments in the design or the user
flow okay you need to enter this you
need to use the system and exit the
system and in these two cases you also
have to sign things which is normally
you will think of transactions but
transactions are is a pattern that works
inside of a wallet or when you transact
value but in this cases you can also
transact stage of applications you know
so you should not call them transactions
if you want and the exit has two
patterns which is I'm exiting fine and
friends with my friend and I just go
fine or adversarial and entering the
system
so unfortunately today this is a problem
you still need to go through then you
want to get into later too and so
everybody
still presenting with a savior key but
Capulets of my dream was shattered right
of the first stab you know yes we can on
board non proof to use it no not yet and
of course their solution for this of
course the question is what the is
a key ok this is a literal question use
of us and this solution is of course to
use contract base account the universal
of you might have heard those those
solve that onboarding process please
start using contract base accounts
everybody then there are so many
accounts in some cases you need to have
your a theorem key or your normal
theorem will have been a contract base
account and in some cases you need to
have your own peeler alert your own
sidechain stylist is the state channel
or plasma car like if it was a bank
account if you want so these are like
three wellnitz and people of course ask
why do we need another one no seriously
why do I need another volunteer repeat
this thing they know they have to do
this yet but they don't grasp the
meaning and Wallis to date and make the
effort to explain what are these things
and of course if you can just pour them
directly here obstructing this
information and getting them directly
onto later too if you want or explain if
you want what is one wallet why doing it
another wallet
etc Vika token this is a problem state
channels and all the plasma say hey you
can onboard with any token deposit any
token so a new user goes there and see
that which one do I choose and there is
a lot of things with all the easy easy
and this is one of the questions we have
like which one do I take
you know well what the is a token
also is the one
questions and which one should I pick
and what am I paying this tube yeah so
they have no clue of why you have to die
doing this and white or everybody
confusing with wallets so pattern here
is game of tonality new users
simplifying just one option maybe die or
whatever and expert the s you can expand
and chew their own always be there and
options until exit maybe you decide when
you exit and explain better the
difference this was one of these
solutions from the previous framework
that works then what's your language is
the end another pattern that all these
people start using developer lingo okay
these words don't mean anything and
deploy doesn't mean divide this is a
factual question user had so floor
legged to later one doesn't mean
anything at all for usual so
experimentally - yes it's experimental
its internal for us but not good for non
people users we had so simplified
language hi the technical complexity
possible which was a solution
then using the system you're on step 2
and right now this is not a diet okay
this is one of the biggest insights if
you want of others research they were
very confused because these wallets
there's different by the wallet single
state channels in plasma etc they all
use dye but when you are inside of these
networks the dye of network one is not
the diode network two is not the dye of
the main chain so my user is actually
trying to send each other die from state
channel from the layer one wallet or to
another state channel wallet and they
did not understand why we're not the
same diagram there's no sign whatsoever
in these softwares already that this is
a custom die if you want so then you try
to send it to a friend okay this is one
of the insights that we are multiplying
the complexity not simply funny
unfortunately and so solutions here is
of course like God
it was retaining the design principles a
very long time ago define now explain
what the network you are using you need
to be transparent about that or you make
it interoperable this is a an invitation
for all the layer two and developers to
talk together and say hey yes we can
call it die if somebody tries to send it
to someone else
we should behind the curtains be
comforting and I'm pouring this on to
the other network and more work together
somehow I'm better naming of course
because of this problem here the many
tokens okay maybe they should be called
die space channel once I plasma one and
spectrum I saw that so also because they
could find each other better so this is
not a time
what else multiple transactions this'll
go very fast away there is a the
ideality protections go very fast but in
the case of plasma you still need to
have nonces and wait for a transaction
to be there and plasma has the problem
that the finality of that transaction is
not instant in say channel is instant as
soon as you receive it that's it in
plasma you need to wait that this
information is actually put the 32
blocks later but you can assume that
everything but there is that problem of
timing in there and there's a new
pattern emerging of using state channels
inside plasma channel which is an open
question how that works although we work
for the users over question and for me
personally I think that we should find a
technical solution to overcome
transaction sequentiality the announcers
have confused a lot of users that they
needed to wait until one transaction
came back or that has passed and talk
about using like there's generic
problems like you on board it but then
you don't offer the next thing there is
a user like say what do I do now
I don't know so it said free but I
continuously see different transaction
fees and I they they don't understand
what these transaction fees are so you
need to be wary of using the right words
because this is actually I said it was
fog it says free but it's a worse than
monopoly they are screwing me and every
step we made this was actual comment so
that we had very snarky users and design
the users next step this is basic
behavioral design
doesn't pertain to their - and don't say
free or don't say layer one what your
name was again etc open questions phases
because not much could be used yet again
there is this idea of agreements in
state channels when you enter a channel
with someone okay you are making an
agreement about when the exit will
happen how long it will take
okay so this agreement is a new pattern
okay there is not yet anything that we
could test I personally think that we
should make them flexible and dependent
on the amount of balance that you are
exiting if you are editing one coffee
value you simply do it right away or
it's two minutes or whatever if you are
exiting two hundred dollars or one
thousand dollars maybe that time span
expands flexibly right now in space so
that's one of the things that I think
they need to work on and how are we
going to manage many open channels
because if it's peer-to-peer technically
I could have a channel with each of you
in my wallet I would have like thousands
of lines or if I have a hub I would have
the hub with a thousand align with
people like might have connections with
the apps will be installed in my wallet
and this is good to hear that also
minimize yesterday's introduce the fact
that they have these plugins ideas that
you will have absolute side of your
wallet to to manage and yeah you need to
differentiate these things and yeah I
was stationary cytoplasm will work we
have no food
hide as much as possible interoperate
this is what these solutions so probably
are and exiting the system this is the
science fictiony because right now it's
only ideas
there's nothing implemented the only
company that had designed something is
seller is again actually seller x worth
it at the job in calling it court mode
okay so they use a nice language to
explain that there is a challenge
happening and how it works and so this
idea of exiting that you could have
challenges happening okay it has a
requirement on the technology that you
as a user need to be looking all the
time at the chain this is no no go for
ux so there are people coming out with
watchtowers these are the name one of
the company's called pisa is becoming in
the watchtowers and and so this is one
of the unknowns how this part will
behave you know for from the user
perspective my opinion is users won't
need to worry too much about the
challenge if you can find it there's a
consensus or there's three different
approaches right now either the app
itself watches the change for you so if
you connect every once a week or
whatever it solves it automatically for
you if you or they have by the service
of a watchtower so it's a service and
it's looking addition is a name you have
a problem i'll send you notification on
your phone about basis fate or dollars
among the people participating in this
channel saying that company product or
user is being malicious I'll kick him
out and simply offset
for the user in plasma you are also you
have also these multiple speeds to
exiting okay since in plasma right now
one of the Constructors to have two
weeks or one week when you actually exit
before you can get your money okay there
are people that are creating crypto
economic phenology so there are services
that say hey you as a user you don't
want to wait one week so let me take
your risk I'll buy your one you're
either within one week for one percent
fee or for two percent fee
so there are services that are going to
gather a thief for you to recover your
money right away a user wants to recover
the money right away and this is the
original solution this is why I'm not
totally convinced about the plasma
construct especially for my user
perspective but those are solutions that
are coming and so you see there's a more
complexity still rather than less which
was my hope and in general in the whole
space and in layer two space as well we
need to balance or explain better this
idea between cost and responsibility
okay and in later to is becoming more a
theorem
okay you can have more cost or less cost
or a bit cheaper the transaction if you
as a user take more responsibility on
waiting doing watching waiting the X
days etc or if you want the convenience
is going to be more expensive but it's
more convenient so this is something
that is unsolved today I think in the
whole ecosystem and especially later I'm
done most by data so this is the summary
basically trying to interoperate so that
people are not confused with as multiple
kind of tokens try to hide as monster
the technological methodologies behind
okay and make it simpler to the user use
Universal login type of wallet or
contract based wallets or accounts so
that users don't need to store private
keys etc we simplify that initial step
and maybe we have something to onboard
my mother and my brother thank you
[Applause]