so hi everyone
so originalist was called gas pricing
and so we have about six months ago
and I was to show you a thing on how
we're gonna probably different gas
assets and short gas has to be idea how
to price them insure it like we
basically we look at the screen of
prices and we say oh that seems a little
low that seems a little high we just
kind of manually tweak it up and down so
we're trying to make that better but we
don't have it ready yet so if you were
focusing on Casper so so so I was
showing you sort of a list of cool
things that we've been working on for
the past six months and hopefully we'll
have gas pricing for you next time so
I'll kind of show you we got so far
so really the big change in gas that we
want to change this thing isn't called
rent so there's a big problem this is
working okay wait
yeah so there's a big problem is that so
right now in aetherium storage and in
bitcoin as well when you you'll pay once
but you get the storage forever and in
short that's just not sustainable and so
right now in bitcoin is it's not that
big of a deal because the amount of
storage they're doing is just so low the
problem is that in theory and people can
make extremely storage heavy contracts
so it makes it makes a lot more possible
people just to break this like small
economic misalignments make it people
can like really exploit them on ethereum
so ensure we have to be a lot more
aggressive about this but anyway so the
idea behind rent is so when you when you
put down a big thing of storage you may
see pay per block and if you and if you
eventually run out of money your
contract gets deleted and yep I know
that kind of sucks and I know all of you
are gonna hate it but you know what are
you gonna do so so so we do have one
other idea that might actually solve it
and Vitalik we talked about today I
recommend it
brand new idea there called stateless
clients um do I have it oh well here so
okay the cold code called the stateless
clients it's sort of a sort of a brand
new idea basically so base with this you
would need me
any rent at all but the but the size of
transactions goes up about 20x and there
are some new DDoS vectors we don't quite
know if this is worth it basically the
idea it basically depends on which which
one increases more quickly so BAM so we
did some calculations here bandwidth
doubles every three and a half years as
hard drives double a little bit faster
but storage IO doesn't seem to increase
much at all or at least linearly and so
we look at these and we say oh well you
know well well it'll be harder to daus
this there will be two daus that and so
therefore wouldn't so therefore we want
the big fat stateless transactions
anyway if you want to learn all about
this
it's these maximally like clients it's
sort of a new idea were we're still
talking about it but but in short you're
going to either deal with these these
these like clients or to deal with rent
so uh or think about it if you have any
any data on on how storage and storage
IO increases in time that would really
help because you know we want to know
like how hard this thing is is is to das
all right that's the first thing the
second thing is Casper you when you hear
about Casper all friggin day in short
Casper's great so here's the great
things about Casper I mean I I knew like
proof of stake doesn't I mean people are
often a little conflicted about it nah
man proof of stake is friggin awesome
so what the best thing about proof of
stake is that that you gain a vastly
bigger stick to beat people with so
here's the idea so in Bitcoin miners
miners they behave because they want to
get future rewards from the from from
the from the block wars or and but the
more their advocate behavior the more
they can do this and improve his stake
it's much more explicit it like like
like it gets like like like it gives you
like um like it like you can imagine
it's like a it's like they do something
naughty
you can like beat them with like it was
like a million dollar stick like
immediately and you're just like you
know and it's like and you just can't do
that in Bitcoin like like you know so
you could imagine so like a block reward
is kind of a carrot or you can like you
know make the cow kind of come your way
you're like oh isn't it great you know
but with the proof of stake you kind of
have a ring around its nose and you go
yeah you know you can like real
to do what you wanted to do so basically
steaks great oh we also have vastly
lower inflation rates so in
proof-of-work mining the biggest cost
are both your mining rigs and the are
your electricity and and proof of stake
both of those get set to zero and you're
like yeah so now we can make pay you
like like ninety nine percent less you
know and they're gonna put up with it
because because because because their
costs are just so much lower so you know
it's great so so so this means a lower
inflation rate for all of us and we all
love low inflation low inflation rates
the other one is that is sort of it sort
of it kills mining cartels while they're
in the cradle
so in Bitcoin let's have a trouble with
mining cart with the basically the
mining pools having different incentives
than the dev team and like we all know
about that one nice thing about this is
is that in proof of stake there's no
sunk cost into the rig so the problem
with with them with with the Bitcoin
miners that they've already put in the
countries of thousands of dollars into
these rigs and like they just can't I
mean I mean they can't just change like
I mean value no really they are locked
in they are locked in so that's what
they will fight tooth and nail one nice
thing about about proof of stake is that
there are no mining rigs so as a result
you know you know if there's some some
problem you're not locked in you can
always go somewhere else you can always
go invest in like a mutual fund or
something anyway peace taiks great so
yeah so so this is my most recent paper
by Vitalik and myself in short we are
like 95% happy with it
so I know it is it is a hybrid proof of
stake and proof of work model we want to
switch to be foolproof mistake model
we're not exactly sure how to do that
yet but we have some ideas and hopefully
next year we'll have one for you
people often ask when is this gonna go
into the main chain we don't know yet
when it's ready basically but regardless
it's getting increasingly ready and and
we're and we're proving theorems about
it I think there's there's a Casper test
net coming up I have probably I don't
want to play with it but in short this
this thing is growing and and we think
it's great like well we we see there's
basically no downsides all right
so social stuff so this is kind of fun
to do doing along the side yeah
fun fact ether seems to be more halal
than Bitcoin so so so so Wow get well we
want Caspar and things like that always
reading about sort of the history of
financial regulations very hot subject I
know like riveting and an Islamic
finance a lot of the rules are actually
really interesting if you're just
curious
but anyway so one of the rules they have
for their currency is that your currency
has to be intrinsically valuable and
yeah so they prefer things like like
barrels of oil or like cellphone minutes
over say like US Dollars and sometimes
you even see Islamic finance companies
you cellphone minutes instead of using
say USD because because it's
intrinsically valuable well you can like
consume it and I say oh well ethers kind
of like that you can used to power
programs and that's different than
Bitcoin and so I so I showed this to one
of my I don't know much about Malaysian
finance but I read a little bit about it
I should to do to too much my Malaysian
banking buddy and he's like actually be
true I was just like wow really and so
so yeah so so so we are currently in
process you can get ether classified
100% Sharia compliant so you know if
you're in your Sharia society yeah yeah
so you can you can do that I'm here
because this is just kind of musing so
this is a new Bitcoin currency symbol so
no one really likes the little bit a
little little triple triple triple lines
like the Chinese Sun no one likes that
so I was gonna say oh well we make so by
the way we have a new logo do y'all know
about that yet oh we have a new logo
this is our new logo basically same as
the old one but it's it's flatter now
but otherwise same thing but anyway so
we're gonna propose this as a new new
currency symbol for fruit for ether but
unfortunate this is not yet in Unicode
so we get a little black diamond so in
short if you want to try a new logo you
can use the black diamond all right so
here's other things so we have a whole
bunch of new research projects and we
finally wrote down what all of our
research does it's all right there and
this is sort of a call for volunteers if
you're in doing work in any of this
stuff there's more details there you can
send me an email about it and we'll see
if we cook you up yeah we're open source
saying people are can ask where can I
contribute well that's where probably
the cool stuff about this is is that you
get to hang out that you to chat with
myself and metallic and other another
kind of smart people when people kind of
like that so we can give you that all
right so here are some fun things so I
also work on the the etherium name
service and I can so we always so we had
the dot F thing so ensure what we want
to do we want to make these accessible
via the UM via the global dns hierarchy
so you want to be to type in something
like you know example dot e that have a
type and be a type it into a browser and
have it work
the first problem um death is actually
owned by Ethiopia so you can't actually
use no I know I didn't know that either
you know it is you know so we actually
considered holding holding Devcon for in
ethiopia you know so that we could get
this but you know but they were secure I
mean it seems to be a non-starter but
you know hey if you all I mean I'm down
for it if you all are so okay so so
another thing is so we be pitches to I
can we just have sent a representative
to the big ICANN meeting it was actually
yesterday it was in Abu Dhabi and macey
basically have really strict rules about
a based upon known take a take away mow
taking away domains so if you get
coca-cola East coca-cola wants me to
take it away from you and in short like
if you want to be resolvable via the big
by the big DNS namespace you just you
just you just gotta accept this sorry
just the way the world is and so we are
proposing that we could have on multiple
zones so we could have like we'd have
the regular da teeth where it really is
like first-come first-serve and then we
have you know like like like dot
compliant or whatever where where we
comply with all the regular stuff like
com does and so in but you can tell any
different zones so if you want to have
like a regular name you know in like in
like dot anarchy you can have that and
if you wanna have a name inside a nice
place yeah you get you get visible one
nice thing about this is so so so so we
had a lovely meeting with ICANN a bit to
my surprise they seem actually actually
actually pretty chill with all of us
doing this so they proposed that we get
a place in the single dot ARPA you
pythons seen DARPA before because
there's only like six domains on it in
the entire world but in short this is
this is this is the the the Internet
infrastructure testing ground so the
ideas that you're gonna register you
know example dot if DARPA and you'll be
the like put stuff on it and have it
resolved and go places
odds are likely that y'all will probably
do something really terrible there and
then woman should be kicked out but you
know but like please try and restrain
yourselves because I mean just just
restrain yourselves but really the good
part is so for example so basically if
we succeed there then we'll then we'll
have a case that if we want to get
something you know like like like like
dot etherium or something like that
which actually works in the big space
it's much harder for me to tell us no
because before they say oh we can't give
this too big so you gonna break the
internet and they say oh we're not gonna
break the internet because we
excessively graduated from your sort of
DARPA testbed yeah so anyway so those
those are kinds of the cool things there
will be a few more announcements about
ENS from Nick tomorrow at 5:00 recommend
that in short you'll you'll be a
register real domains on aetherium
sooner than you'd think so but I can't
tell you about it alright so something
else I made so it so everyone loves
Oracle's so I made one using using the
using of the Wolfram language and I want
to show that to you and you can ask a
lot of cool things about it so let's
just let's just do one so I was engine
doing on prediction mark so you all use
like Wolfram Alpha you've probably seen
that this is like Wolfram Alpha on
steroids so I'll show it to you can we
do um can we do the Kimmy can you give
me access now oh there I am
hello that's me okay so check this out
I guess I'll make this work all right
here so it's a water school is floors
click this thing here so you can do
things like like what is the price of
gold is the price of gold Dan September
2016
so Mike that you buy some work and it
will go
so okay so so you can input in free text
my pet Wolfram language so here's the
real magic here the real magic here is
that is is is is that so then what this
does this converts a natural language
expression to a Wolfram language
expression this mortar like this now
becomes an object you can directly query
so what you can do is you can take this
little entity thing you can copy it and
you can like paste it into here
OOP and you hit the submit button what
oh come on
wait that should work right oh come on
all right well let you out on this one
let's just do when is the next next next
Halley's Comet it should be to do that
okay wait about working staff that
should work all right let's do this one
okay can we factor integer you shoes so
we deflect a nerd all right well this is
this as this is not going well all right
let's try it let's try it let's let's
let me try one more all right well you
know serves me right for doing for for
doing it I did do my 11th stage
basically this will basically I'm off
stage I'm gonna make this work in short
and it'll probably work within like five
minutes
yeah I don't know I don't know I don't
know what the issue is well anyway
here's basically the deal the dealio
here let's let's let's go back to the
PowerPoint
you mean can you go back maybe alright
let me just keep trying this he's still
working yeah alright well I don't know
what the issue is
okay okay so he's Jose alright alright
so so so basically the gist is that um
that's so so you can execute so you get
these queries so you can put this factor
integer and it will factor it for you
like right there so you can like
outsource hard computation so you can do
something like you can ask you know you
know what was the price so you can say
oh like invert this matrix or
interpolate this polynomial and it will
just do it for you so you'd have you
have a gas intensive computation you can
you you you can just ask or you can just
ask wolfram and it will tell it to you
and we can also ask we also do on
prediction market thing so you can ask
you know so okay the cool is it can we
still not get get get the PDF
all right great all right so here's
kinda the idea what you can do here all
right so here's the idea
so you can type in sort of a natural
language query and you get this Wolfram
entity object out of it and so and this
and this is like a piece of code that
you can type in and it tells you very
precisely what you mean and so so and
you can like look this up for anything
so the idea is if you'd say oh you can
change this things like dozen seventeen
and put it like on the 12th and you say
and you can put this and put this into a
prediction market for the price of gold
and that's that's like basically the
idea so in it but it has has an
extremely sophisticated well as it has a
very elaborate grammar so you can say oh
you know how many murders between United
States and it has look oh guess what
there's a query for exactly that and it
has a query for like all kinds of things
right and you can also ask you things
like who's Prime Minister Singapore and
stuff like that so I think so this is
this is basically this gives you a way
to number one query query outside data
in a very generic way a number two key
idea of outsourcing very high gas
computation like inverting matrices or
knowing cone umber is prime or factoring
a prime number or interpolating a
polynomial so you can give it data
points on a polynomial and you can say
oh oh what is a function that fits these
and it will just tell it to do all right
so so these are so these are the so
these are the things that we're
interested in now if you're interested
in helping you out these are things that
are great so we're looking for research
volunteers we're looking for trends on
storage and storage i/o and you can also
use that you use the cool black diamond
for your ether symbol and if you want to
play with with Wolfram language you can
do it at a war occult vertol dot gr and
that should be working probably within
three minutes all right
I got
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